Bank lending to Spanish corporations in terms of their size : an analysis based on the joint exploitation of information from the CCR and the CBI

Artículo de revist

Significant reductions of host abundance weakly impact infection intensity of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

Infectious diseases are considered major threats to biodiversity, however strategies to mitigate their impacts in the natural world are scarce and largely unsuccessful. Chytridiomycosis is responsible for the decline of hundreds of amphibian species worldwide, but an effective disease management strategy that could be applied across natural habitats is still lacking. In general amphibian larvae can be easily captured, offering opportunities to ascertain the impact of altering the abundance of hosts, considered to be a key parameter affecting the severity of the disease. Here, we report the results of two experiments to investigate how altering host abundance affects infection intensity in amphibian populations of a montane area of Central Spain suffering from lethal amphibian chytridiomycosis. Our laboratory-based experiment supported the conclusion that varying density had a significant effect on infection intensity when salamander larvae were housed at low densities. Our field experiment showed that reducing the abundance of salamander larvae in the field also had a significant, but weak, impact on infection the following year, but only when removals were extreme. While this suggests adjusting host abundance as a mitigation strategy to reduce infection intensity could be useful, our evidence suggests only heavy culling efforts will succeed, which may run contrary to objectives for conservation

Full analytical solution of finite-length armchair/zigzag nanoribbons

Finite-length armchair graphene nanoribbons can behave as one dimensional topological materials, that may show edge states in their zigzag-terminated edges, depending on their width and termination. We show here a full solution of Tight-Binding graphene rectangles of any length and width that can be seen as either finite-length armchair or zigzag ribbons. We find exact analytical expressions for both bulk and edge eigen-states and eigen-energies. We write down exact expressions for the Coulomb interactions among edge states and introduce a Hubbard-dimer model to analyse the emergence and features of different magnetic states at the edges, whose existence depends on the ribbon length. We find ample room for experimental testing of our predictions in N = 5 armchair ribbons. We compare the analytical results with ab initio simulations to benchmark the quality of the dimer model and to set its parameters. A further detailed analysis of the ab initio Hamiltonian allows us to identify those variations of the Tight-Binding parameters that affect the topological properties of the ribbons

Obesidad infantil y parámetros de composición corporal en niños de extremadura (españa).

Introducción En las sociedades desarrolladas la obesidad es uno de los trastornos nutricionales más frecuente en la infancia y la adolescencia (Serra Majem, 2003) y el quinto factor principal de riesgo de defunción en el mundo (Fernández-Bergés, 2012. Estudios previos establecen que 2 de cada 10 niños/as extremeños padecen obesidad o sobrepeso (Torres, 2008). El objetivo del estudio es describir la prevalencia de la obesidad en escolares extremeños y conocer la influencia de la obesidad sobre factores de parámetros de composición corporal. Métodos 242 niños/as (9 a 12 años) de centros de primaria de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura fueron evaluados. Tras informar y recibir el consentimiento informado de los tutores legales de los sujetos, se llevaron a cabo mediciones individuales de parámetros antropométricos : peso, talla, IMC, masa grasa, masa libre de grasa, % grasa y peso óseo, índice cintura-cadera. Se llevó a cabo un análisis descriptivo para conocer el porcentaje de obesidad entre los escolares y un ANOVA de un factor con un test post hoc para comparar los resultados con los tres niveles del factor de estudio (normopeso, sobrepeso y obesidad). Resultados El 9,9% de los niños/as extremeños evaluados eran obesos, siendo este porcentaje mayor en el caso de los niños (11,2% frente a 8,54% de las niñas). Existen diferencias significativas (p> 0.05) en cuanto al nivel de composición corporal en las variables IMC, ICC, masa grasa y % masa grasa. Conclusiones 18% escolares extremeños presenta sobrepeso u obesidad, valor que se ha mantenido constante en los últimos años. Los niños/as con sobrepeso y obesidad presentan mayores niveles de IMC, ICC y niveles de grasa corporal

Tell me what you smell and your protein i will guess

Comunicaciones a congreso

A disaggregated analysis of recent developments in lending to corporations

Artículo de revist

Optimization of Components of Superstructure of High-Speed Rail: The Spanish Experience

The performance of rail transport has increased significantly in recent decades, in particular due to the gradual introduction of high-speed rails worldwide. In 1981, the first high-speed line of the world was inaugurated; nowadays, high-speed is operating in more than 20 countries, the high-speed network covering more than 35,000 kms (with more than 25,000 additional kms under construction). Spain is the second country by total distance of railways installed (only behind China) and the first in terms relative to the population and surface. Since the installation of the first high-speed line in Spain in 1992, the elements of the superstructure have undergone a continuous evolution, in order to improve the performance, the durability of the components and the comfort of the passengers. This evolution rests on an adequate selection of materials based on the characterization of their physical and mechanical properties to ensure the optimum in-service conditions. This chapter includes an overview of the different elements present in the railway superstructure of the high-speed lines in Spain. Throughout the text, the innovations incorporated over time are analyzed, as well as the methods used to validate them. In particular, a description of the mechanical characterization procedures is presented